Minor tractate

Rabbinic Literature

Talmudic literature

MishnahTosefta
Jerusalem TalmudBabylonian Talmud
Minor tractates


Halakhic Midrash

Mekhilta de-Rabbi Yishmael (Exodus)
Mekhilta de-Rabbi Shimon (Exodus)
Sifra (Leviticus)
Sifre (Numbers & Deuteronomy)
Sifre Zutta (Numbers)
Mekhilta le-Sefer Devarim (Deuteronomy)
Baraita of Rabbi Ishmael


Aggadic Midrash

—— Tannaitic ——
Seder Olam Rabbah
Alphabet of Akiba ben Joseph
Baraita of the Forty-nine Rules
Baraita on the Thirty-two Rules
Baraita on Tabernacle Construction
—— 400–600 ——
Genesis RabbahEichah Rabbah
Pesikta de-Rav Kahana
Esther RabbahMidrash Iyyov
Leviticus RabbahSeder Olam Zutta
Midrash TanhumaMegillat Antiochus
—— 650–900 ——
Avot of Rabbi Natan
Pirkei de-Rabbi Eliezer
Tanna Devei Eliyahu
Alphabet of Ben-Sira
Kohelet RabbahCanticles Rabbah
Devarim Rabbah • Devarim Zutta
Pesikta RabbatiMidrash Shmuel
Midrash ProverbsRuth Rabbah
Baraita of SamuelTargum sheni
—— 900–1000 ——
Ruth Zuta • Eichah Zuta
Midrash TehillimMidrash Hashkem
Exodus RabbahCanticles Zutta
—— 1000–1200 ——
Midrash TadsheSefer haYashar
—— Later ——
Yalkut ShimoniYalkut Makiri
Midrash JonahEin Yaakov
Midrash HaGadolNumbers Rabbah
Smaller midrashim


Rabbinic Targum

—— Torah ——
Targum Onkelos
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan
Fragment Targum • Targum Neofiti

—— Nevi'im ——
Targum Jonathan

—— Ketuvim ——
Targum Tehillim • Targum Mishlei
Targum Iyyov
Targum to the Five Megillot
Targum Sheni to Esther
Targum to Chronicles

The minor tractates (Hebrew: מסכתות קטנות, masechtot qetanot) are essays from the Tannaitic period or later dealing with topics about which no formal tractate exists in the Mishnah. They may thus be contrasted to the Tosefta, whose tractates parallel those of the Mishnah. The first eight or so contain much original material; the last seven or so are collections of material scattered throughout the Talmud. According to Rabbi Chaim Kanievsky, the Minor Tractates date from the period of the Geonim.

The Minor Tractates are normally printed at the end of Seder Nezikin in the Talmud. They include:

  1. Avot of Rabbi Natan (Hebrew: אבות דרבי נתן). The Schechter edition contains two different versions (version A has 41 chapters and version B has 48).
  2. Soferim (Hebrew: סופרים - Scribes). This tractate appears in two different versions in the Jerusalem and Babylonian Talmuds.
  3. Evel Rabbati (Hebrew: אבל רבתי - Elaboration on Mourning). This tractate is about laws and customs pertaining to death and mourning, and is sometimes euphemistically called Semahot ("joys").
  4. Kallah (Hebrew: כלה - Bride) (on engagement, marriage and co-habitation).
  5. Kallah Rabbati (Hebrew: כלה רבתי - an elaboration of the above).
  6. Derekh Eretz Rabbah (Hebrew: דרך ארץ רבה) "Derekh Eretz" literally means "the way of the world," which in this context refers to deportment, manners and behavior.
  7. Derekh Eretz Zuta (Hebrew: דרך ארץ זוטא) Addressed to scholars, this is a collection of maxims urging self examination and modesty.
  8. Pereq ha-Shalom (Hebrew: פרק השלום - Chapter of Peace) (on the ways of peace between people; a final chapter to the above often listed separately).
  9. Sefer Torah (regulations for writing Torah scrolls).
  10. Mezuzah (Hebrew: מזוזה - scroll affixed to the doorpost).
  11. Tefillin (Hebrew: תפילין - phylacteries).
  12. Tzitzit (Hebrew: ציצית - fringes).
  13. Avadim (Hebrew: עבדים - slaves).
  14. Gerim (Hebrew: גרים - conversion to Judaism).
  15. Kutim (Hebrew: כותים - Samaritans).

There is also a lost tractate called "Eretz Yisrael" (The Land of Israel, about laws of that land.)